Dear Sir/Madam, Dear Compatriots,
Please join us! Have your organization, association, school or club become the signatory of the enclosed letter to the US Congress. 122 other Polish American organizations have already done it. We are looking forward to hearing back from you. Please contact us on or before March 21, 2022.
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Sincerely,
Edward Wojciech Jesman, President
Polish American Strategic Initiative (PASI)
& Polish American Congress of Southern California
Phone: (310) 291-2681
president@joinpasi.org
_____________________________________________________________________
March 21, 2022
U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
House Committee on Education and Labor
Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education Subcommittee
2176 Rayburn House Office Building
Washington, DC 20515-6100
The Honorable Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan, Honorable Members Mr. Robert C. “Bobby” Scott, Ranking Member Mr. Burgess Owens, Ms. Jahana Hayes, Mr. Raúl M. Grijalva, Ms. Frederica S. Wilson, Mr. Mark DeSaulnier, Mr. Joseph D. Morelle, Ms. Lucy McBath, Mr. Andy Levin, Ms. Kathy E. Manning, Mr. Jamaal Bowman, Mr. Glenn Grothman, Mr. Rick W. Allen, Mr. Fred Keller, Ms. Mary E. Miller, Mr. Madison Cawthorn, Ms. Michelle Steel, Ms. Julia Letlow.
Dear Chairman Sablan and Subcommittee Members:
As a coalition of Polish American organizations nationwide, we wish to inform you of our position on the comic book MAUS, which the McMinn County School Board in Tennessee recently removed from its curriculum because of violence, inappropriate language, and nudity. We applaud the decision; however, we wish to point out five additional, essential reasons that justify the book’s removal from school curricula in the United States.
First, the book is not ethically suitable for educational instruction. Ethical writing requires accurate and unbiased accounts; however, MAUS is a historically inaccurate expression of the author’s prejudice against Poles as a nation. In The Norton Anthology of American Literature, editors Jerome Klinkowitz and Patricia B. Wallace describe Spiegelman’s representation of Poles as pigs as “a calculated insult” against Poles. Pigs in popular culture are viewed as disgusting, filthy animals, while in Jewish culture, pigs and pork are unclean in a way that other animals are not. MAUS employs the same imagery of Poles found in Nazi propaganda, where they were routinely referred to as “Polish pigs.” The highly offensive depiction of Poles as “pigs”, with all the derisive and racist connotations, forms a mental image that cannot be easily erased from the impressionable minds of young students whose knowledge of World War II history and the genocide perpetrated against Poles by the German and Soviet occupiers is minimal at best.
Second, the book is not suitable as a historical account because it falsifies the facts through distortions and material omissions. Poles are portrayed as Nazi sympathizers, which was never the case. Civil resistance among Poles was universal and the underground Home Army fought the Germans at every turn. Unlike other German-occupied and Axis-allied countries, Poles never formed a collaborationist government, never formed a militia to round up or execute Jews, and never formed SS units. Spiegelman portrays all Auschwitz kapos as Poles, which is complete fiction as there are many eyewitness testimonies by Auschwitz Jews who detail the cruelties inflicted on them by Jewish kapos. He omits the fact that only in Poland those helping Jews, in any way, faced the death penalty together with immediate family. Instead, Poles helping Jews are depicted as greedy and deceitful. Spiegelman also omits the fact that the Germans often relied on Jewish Gestapo agents to hunt down Jewish ghetto escapees. This role is assigned exclusively to Poles, which is egregiously false.
Third, the book is not suitable from an educational perspective because few readers, especially elementary and high school students, have enough historical knowledge to recognize the falsified depiction of Poles. To have educational value, the treatment of historical context must strive for accuracy and objectivity. Hitler’s attempted destruction of Europe’s Jews is a historical event that is rightly considered an important historical topic. However, it is essential that other national groups who were subjected to German genocidal policies are presented fairly. Although Hitler’s policy for European Jews was comprehensive genocide, his policy for Poles was also comprehensive genocide but over a longer time period. As historian Richard C. Lukas describes in his book Forgotten Holocaust, the secret protocol in the 1939 German-Soviet nonaggression pact prescribed the destruction of the Polish people and the annihilation of the Polish state. Polish deaths during World War II were proportionately by far the greatest of any nation participating in the war. For Poland, the deaths of Poles and Polish Jews was a double genocide.
Fourth, MAUS does not teach students about the complexities of the Holocaust but instead falsifies and oversimplifies them. The reality is that neither students nor their teachers possess the necessary tools to assess the book’s flaws properly. For example, the portrayal of Poles contains serious falsehoods and misrepresentations regarding their alleged role in the Holocaust. Such rewriting of history is deplorable and unacceptable by any standard. The notion that teachers can and will expose the author’s biases and misrepresentations is doubtful. Since there is a choice of educational materials that may be used to teach a factual history of World War II and the Holocaust, it is imperative to choose books that are historically accurate and respectful of all the victims of Hitler’s genocidal policies. By contrast, MAUS clearly cannot be treated as an accurate historical record. Nevertheless, after Pulitzer Prize jurors designated the book in 1992 as nonfiction and gave it the Special Award in Letters, it wrongly continues to be considered as such.
Fifth, school children of Polish background who are required to study this book justifiably feel that their identity and cultural heritage has been diminished and are understandably humiliated by this experience. One should be aware that grandparents of these children may have been inmates of German concentration and death camps. Their family members may have been tortured, executed, forced to work as slave laborers, or subjected to medical experiments. Portraying Poles as a nation of pigs is egregiously offensive and constitutes willful harm to the memory of millions of Poles who died at the hands of the Germans. The victims of the Germans’ premeditated genocide included many: Jews, Poles, Russians and Roma. Choosing a book that addresses Hitler’s genocidal policies and respects the memory of all those who perished is necessary for advancing students’ knowledge and understanding of this important historical subject. The purpose of education is not to distort the facts and cause distress and division among students.
Based on reasons outlined above, we consider MAUS to be highly defamatory, a form of hate speech against Poles and, therefore, unsuitable, and unacceptable as a teaching material. Spiegelman’s comic book falsifies history and deeply offends on many levels. No book in any school curriculum targets another group for derision in this way; it is abusive and psychologically damaging. The bigoted stereotype of Poles should have no place in education. Spiegelman’s Polonophobic slurs, falsely considered a work of historical nonfiction, should be promptly and permanently removed from school curricula and school libraries. No child should be forced to study a book that treats his or her national group or community in the dishonest and prejudiced way that Poles are portrayed in MAUS.
Depiction of the entire Polish ethnic group as pigs offends the people of Polish descent and is racist in its nature. Title VI, 42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq., prohibits discrimination based on race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance. The use of MAUS – a prime example of anti-Polish hate speech – as educational material constitutes discrimination and abuse of Polish American students. It forces them not only to study biased educational materials but also imposes on them a bigoted stereotype of brutish, primitive, and dishonest “Polaks”. Such treatment causes great pain and suffering to the youth of Polish descent and also subjects them to bullying. For many Polish American students forced to study MAUS, the psychological impact is traumatizing and, at a minimum, adversely affects their self-confidence and academic performance. Furthermore, the exclusion of materials that truthfully present all the victims of Hitler’s genocidal policies is discriminatory and violates states’ educational standards of historical accuracy.
We respectfully ask the Subcommittee to instruct the Department of Education and Department of Justice to send “Dear Colleague” letters to state directors of public education requiring them to instruct their local school districts that the use of MAUS should be promptly discontinued. We further ask that the letters recommend using World War II educational materials that are historically accurate and address all victims of Hitler’s genocidal policies.
Sincerely,
List of signatories as of 03/07/2022
Gene Sokolowski, Ph.D., President, Polish American Strategic Initiative Educational Organization
(703) 966-5109, gsokolow@verizon.net
Edward Wojciech Jeśman, President, PASI – Polish American Strategic Initiative
(310) 291-2681, president@joinpasi.org
James J. Robaczewski, National President, Polish Roman Catholic Union of America
Dorota Andraka, Ph.D., President, Polish Supplementary School Council of America, NY
Michael Niedzinski, President, Polish American Congress Illinois Div., IL
Andrzej Prokopczuk Ph.D., M.D., President, Polish American Congress Northern California Div., CA
Prof. Jim Mazurkiewicz, Ph.D., Texas A&M University, President, Polish American Council of Texas
Anna Bankowska, President, Polish American Congress Michigan Div., MI
Blanka Rosenstiel, Chairman, American Institute of Polish Culture (AIPC), FL
Prof. Witold Lukaszewski, Professor Emeritus at Sam Houston State University, TX
Agata Marriott, M.D., President, Polonia Institute, CA
Maria Szonert Binienda, President, Libra Institute, OH
Richard Widerynski, Vice President, Polish American Congress of Southern California, CA
Wieslaw Wierzbowski, President, Polish American Congress Eastern Massachusetts Div., MA
Andrzej Burghardt, President, Polish American Congress, New Jersey Division, NJ
Miroslawa Dulczewska-Miller, M.D., Honorary President, Polonia for Poland, Chicago, IL
Walter Wieslaw Golebiewski, President, Polish American Congress Western Florida Div., FL
Jerzy Bogdziewicz, President, Polish American Congress of Florida, FL
Richard Brzozowski, President, Polish American Congress, New York Long Island Div., NY
Marek Waniołka, President, Polish American Congress, Missouri Div., MO
Tomasz Mroczek, President, Polish American Congress Central New York Div., NY
Christopher J. Gajda, President, Polish Association in Texas, Dallas, TX
Jan Malek, President, Polish American Foundation for Research and Education, Torrance, CA
Leszek Pawlik, President, Coalition of Polish Americans, NJ
James Lawicki II, President, Polish American Congress Western New York Div., NY
Walter Wieslaw Golebiewski, President, World Research Council on Poles Abroad, FL
Dan Zamoyski, Head of Polish Media Issues, Worldwide
Maja Trochimczyk, Ph.D., President, Helena Modjeska Art and Culture Club, Los Angeles, CA
Elzbieta Rudzinska, President, Polish American Teachers West Coast Forum, Los Angeles, CA
Alexander M. Jablonski, Ph.D., President, Oskar Halecki Institute in Canada, CANADA
Boguslaw Niemczewski, President, Polonia for Poland, IL
Krystyna Zamorska, Ph.D., American Historical Association and Polish American Historical Association (PAHA)
Andrzej Hac, President, Polish American Business and Professional Assoc., New Britain, CT
Patricia Stepniak, President, General Pulaski Memorial Parade Committee in Jersey City, NJ
Boguslawa Huang, Principal, Joseph Pilsudski Polish Supplementary School in Jersey City, NJ
Lucyna Synal, President, John Paul II Catholic Discussion Club, NY
Walter Brzozowski, President, Polish National Alliance Lodge 1684, Cohoes, NY
Tadeusz Kulawiak, Trustee, Polish American Citizen Club, Albany, NY
Marie Glowacki, Secretary, Polish Community Center, Albany, NY
Marian Wiercioch, Commissioner of District III, Polish National Alliance, Cohoes, NY
Susan Gorga, President, Ladies Auxiliary, Polish Community Center, Albany, NY
George Sykala, Commander, Polish American Veterans Inc, Schenectady, NY
Henry Matala, President, St. Michaels Polish Community Center, Cohoes, NY
Maria Swieton, President, St. Michaels Rosary Society, Cohoes, NY
Edward Swiderski, President, Polish National Alliance Lodge 113, Amsterdam, NY
Marek Maciolowski, President, Historical Conservation Foundation, Chapel Hill, NC
Pawel Dworak, Treasurer, White Eagle Association, Utica, NY
Andrzej Cierkosz, President, Dobra Polska Szkola Foundation, New York, NY
Kazimiera Kmak, Principal, Polish School in Yorba Linda, CA
Mariola Beresniewicz-Kopcinski, Ph.D., President, Polish American Club of Triangle, NC
Robert Szydłowski, President, Polish American Cultural Society of Metropolitan St Louis, MO
Thomas Washock, Polish American Club Inc., Troy, NY
Jolanta Chorazy, Principal, Nicholas Copernicus Polish School, Mahwah, NJ
Wanda Urbanska, Former President, Jan Karski Educational Foundation, FL
Alicja Jachna, Principal, Polish School of Jagiellonians, Passaic, NJ
Agnieszka Pogorzelska, Principal, Casimir Pulaski Polish Supplementary School in Garfield, NJ
Jerzy Majcherczyk, President, Polish American Travelers Club in NJ
Hanna Czuma, Principal, John Paul II Polish School in the Pocono, PA
Aniela Baj-Thant, President, Adam Mickiewicz Library & Dramatic Circle, Buffalo, NY
Joyce Troyer, President, Polish American Social Club of San Diego County, CA
Vince Boshchik, President, Polonia United, San Diego, CA
Miroslaw Gorny, President, House of Poland, San Diego, CA
Barbara Brys, Director, Polish Amateur Theatre of Boston, MA
David Gizara, Polish American Veterans Inc., Amsterdam, NY
Richard J. Noga, President, The Kopernik Memorial Association, Utica, NY
Marcin Waszkiewicz, President, Polonia Society of Korona, Bunnell, FL
James P. Jóźwiak, President, Polish Union of America, Buffalo, NY
Jozef Luczaj, President, Polish American Sea League Inc., Rockaway Beach, NY
Aleksandra Urban, Rector, Polish School at Saint Hedwig Parish, Trenton, NJ
Monika Kowara, Principal, St. John Cantius Polish Language School, Philadelphia, NJ
Donald Norkoski, President, Polish Club, Aberdeen, WA
Andrew Kozlowski, President, Polish Center, Los Angeles, CA
Darek Swiatkowski, President, Polish American Performing Arts Club, Yorba Linda, CA
Jan Mroczek, President, Polish Combatants of World War II, Utica, NY
Hanna Skowronska-Jekal, Principal, Polish Supplementary School of the United Poles in America, Perth Amboy, NJ
Monika Zarzycka, Principal, Polish School “Ogniwo”, Morrisville, PA
Piotr Kwidzinski, President, Polonian Pastoral and Cultural Center, Sacramento, CA
Danuta Eichler, Principal, St. Adalbert Polish Language School, Philadelphia, PA
Maria Hejnosz, President, Polish Heritage Society of Philadelphia, PA
Henryka Lazarz, Principal, Polish Alma Mater, Los Angeles, CA
Karolina Badura, Principal, Janusz Korczak Polish Language School, Providence, RI
William Spangola, President, Plains Polish American Veterans, Wilkes Barre, PA
Alicja Ruszala, President, Polish American Club of North Jersey, Paramus, NJ
Anna Kubicka, Principal, Henryk Sienkiewicz Polish Supplementary School, Brooklyn, NY
Elżbieta Złotnik, Principal, John Paul II Polish Language School, New Britain, CT
Beata Popowska, Fr. Augustine Kordecki Polish Supplementary School, New York, NY
Jan Kozak, Principal, John Paul II Polish Language School, Boston, MA
Marta Borowski, Principal, John Paul II Polish Saturday School, New Haven, CT
Wioletta Jusinska, Director, Blessed Jerzy Popieluszko Polish Saturday School, Derby, CT
Charles Balcer, President, Committee for the Conservation of the Katyn Monument & Historical Objects, Jersey City, NJ
Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, Ph.D., author, PEN America, Wilmington, DE
Boguslawa Doerr, President, Friends of JPII Foundation of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Ronald A. Lipinski, Commander, Polish American War Veterans, Caseyville, IL
Malgorzata Starzec, Director, St. Queen Jadwiga Polish Language School, Ridgewood, NY
Malgorzata Czajkowski, Director, Polish Language School by Parish of Holy Czestochowa Mary, Brooklyn, NY
Paul Breza, President, Polish Cultural Institute & Museum, Winona, MN
Jolanta Gmurowski, Director, Adam Mickiewicz Polish Language School, Sterling, MI
Barbara Swierkowski, President, Polish American Social Club Inc, Port Saint Lucie, Fl
Mary Lou Wyrobek, President, The Polish Singers Alliance of America, NY
Ted Day, Past President, Polish American Society of Greater Cincinnati, OH
Jerzy W. Rozalski, Polish Varieties Radio, WNZK 690AM, Detroit, MI
Richard Walawender, Chairman of the Board, Polish Institute of Culture & Research, Orchard Lake, MI
Anna Nikadon, Principal, St. Joseph Polish School, Jamaica, NY
Iwona Podzorski, President, Polish American Social Club of Las Vegas, NV
Renata Fracz, Polish Lobby, West Bloomfield, MI
Grazyna Stanowska, Principal, Father Dabrowski Polish Language Center, Orchard Lake, MI
Urszula Mejza, Principal, Saint John Paul II Polish Language School, Hamtramck, MI
Halina Szeligowski, President, Pulaski Parade Committee, Stamford, CT
Veronica Kearns, President, Polish Society of Westchester, Pelham, New York
Artur Lalik, Principal, Saint Michael Polish School in Lyndhurst, NJ
Anna Tracz, Principal, Polish Language Academy in Manchester, NJ
Henry Pakosz, Vice-President, Polish Falcons of America Nest 946, NJ
Elizabeth Laskowski, Principal, Polish Supplementary School of Polish Falcons Nest 946, Manville, NJ
Walter Szuba, Vice-President, Polish Falcons of America, District 1, Hillsborough, NJ
Urszula Gora, Principal, St. Casimir Polish School in Newark, NJ
Ewa Sadowska, Principal, Polish Educational Organization in Garfield, NJ
Boguslawa Borkowska, Principal, Casimir Pulaski Supplementary School, Brooklyn, NY
Anna Ciesluk, Principal, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Polish Supplementary School, Irvington, NJ
Agata Stopa, Principal, Educational Polish Corporation, Allamuchy, NJ
Dorota Zaniewska, Principal, St. John Paul II Polish Supplementary School, Staten Island, NY
Hanna Tomaszkiewicz, Principal, Nicolaus Copernicus Polish School in Houston, TX
Ewa Zalusinska, Principal, St. Maximillian Kolbe Polish Supplementary School, Riverhead, NY
